Tarih Duragı

Picasso 1958 yılında Gary Cooper'a ait silahla

Picasso Kimdir? Pablo Picasso'nun Hayatı

Pablo Picasso 1881'de Malaga, İspanya'da doğdu. Babası bir ressam ve resim öğretmeniydi. Küçük yaşta resim yapmaya babası tarafından yönlendirildi.1901 yılından itibaren anne soyadı olan Picasso'yu kullanmaya başladı.

1907'den 1914'e kadar kübist olarak adlandırılan tarzda tablolar yaptı. Kübist tabloların genel özelliği, geometri ve geometrik şekillerin kullanılmasıdır. Resmedilen nesneler geometrik formlar oluşturacak şekilde basitleştirilmiş yahut geometrik şekillere bölünmüştür. Kübizmin bir diğer özelliği de uzaydaki üç boyutlu bir cismi iki boyutlu yüzeye aktarma çabasıdır. Bu amaçla Picasso, şekilleri yanal yüzeylerine bölüştürüp her birini iki boyutlu yüzeyde göstermeye çalışır. Yine bu nedenden portrelerindeki insanların hem profili hem de önden görünüşü görülmektedir.

Picasso 2 kez evlenmiş, 3 ayrı kadından 4 çocuğu olmuştur.

En tanınmış eseri Alman hava kuvvetlerinin Guernica kasabasını bombalamasını anlatan adlı eseridir.  Resim 1937'de yapılmıştır. Bu resim şu anda Madrid'de Reina Sofía Müzesinde bulunmaktadır. Picasso, bir sergisi sırasında kendisine, "Bu resmi siz mi yaptınız" diye soran bir Alman generaline, "Hayır, siz yaptınız" cevabını vermiştir. Bu resim Picasso'nun savaşa ve Guernica'nın bombalanmasına karşı duyduğu güçlü nefreti anlatmaktadır. Resimdeki insan ve hayvan figürleri acı, hüzün ve savaşa karşı duyulan nefreti yansıtmaktadır.

Guernica

Kendisi tanınan en üretken sanatçıdır. Guiness Rekorlar Kitabı'na göre, toplam 13.500 resim, 100.000 baskı, 34.000 kitap resmi, 300 heykel ve birçok seramik ve çizim üretmiştir.

Kendisini bir İspanyol olarak tanımlamasına rağmen 1904'ten itibaren hayatının önemli bir bölümünü Fransa'da geçirmiştir.

1911 yılında Leonardo Da Vinci'ye ait Mona Lisa eserini, bu eserin doğduğu şehir, Floransa'ya kaçırmakla suçlanmıştır.

Kendisini resmettiği portrelerinin zaman içindeki değişimini incelemek hayli ürpertici...

1896 yılı  15 yaş yaşından, 1972'de 90 yaşına kadar kendisini resmettiği fotoğrafları aşağıda görebilirsiniz.

1896 yılında - 15 yaşında çizdiği kendi resmi

picasso 1896 - yas 15

1900 yılında  - 18 yaşında çizdiği kendi resmi

picasso 1900 - yas 18

1901 yılında  - 20 yaşında çizdiği kendi resmi

picasso 1901 - yas 20

1906 yılında  - 24 yaşında çizdiği kendi resmi

picasso 1906 - yas 24

1907 yılında  - 25 yaşında çizdiği kendi resmi

picasso 1907 - yas 25

1917 yılında  - 35 yaşında çizdiği kendi resmi

picasso 1917 - yas 35

1938 yılında  - 56 yaşında çizdiği kendi resmi

picasso 1938 - yas 56

1965 yılında  - 83 yaşında çizdiği kendi resmi

picasso 1965 - yas 83

1966 yılında -  85 yaşında çizdiği kendi resmi

picasso 1966 - yas 85

1971 yılında  - 89 yaşında çizdiği kendi resmi

picasso 1971 - yas 89

1972 yılında  - 90 yaşında çizdiği kendi resmi

picasso 1972 - yas 90

1972 yılında  - 90 yaşında çizdiği kendi resmi

picasso 1972 - yas 90

1972 yılında  - 90 yaşında çizdiği kendi resmi

picasso 1972 - yas 90

1972 yılında  - 90 yaşında çizdiği kendi resmi

picasso 1972 - yas 90

Daha Fazla

9 Kral Bir arada

Mayıs 1910 yılında İngiltere kralı 7. Edward cenazesi için bir araya gelen 9 kral birlikte poz veriyor.

Tarihte daha önce bu kadar kral bir arada bulunmamıştı. İlerki yıllarda fotoğraftaki 9 kraldan 4'ü tahttan indirilecek 1'i ise suikast sonucu öldürülecekti 5 yıl içinde İngiltere ve Belçika, Almanya ve Bulgaristan ile savaşacaktı.

Ayakta soldan sağa doğru; Norveç kralı 7. Haakon, Bulgaristan Kralı Çar Ferdinand, Portekiz ve Algarve Kralı 2. Manuel, Almanya ve Prusya Kralı Kaiser 2. Wilhelm, Yunanistan Kralı 1. George, Belçika Kralı 1. Albert.

Oturan soldan sağa doğru; İspanya Kralı 13. Alfonso, İngiltere Kralı 5. George, Danimarka Kralı 8. Frederick.

Fotoğrafta bulunan kralların neredeyse birçoğu birbiri ile akrabadır. Mesela sağ alt köşede oturan Danimarka Kralı 8. Frederik, Norveç Kralı 7. Haakon'un babasıdır. Almanya Kralı 2. Wilhelm ve İngiltere Kralı 5. George kuzendir. Yine aynı şekilde Almanya Kralının kuzeni, Norveç Kralının eşidir. Danimarka Kralı 8. Frederik, İngiltere Kralı 5. George'un amcasıdır.
İngiltere Kralı 5. George, Kraliçe Victoria ve Prens Albert'in torunudur. Ayrıca, İngiltere Kralı ve Rus Çarı 2. Nicholas kuzenlerdir.

1. Dünya Savaşında yıkılan monarşik düzenlerden önce belkide son kez bir arada çekilmiş olan bu fotoğraftaki tüm krallar yaklaşan savaştan haberdardı. Hatta savaş kendi aralarında olacaktı...

#king #monarch #britain #germain #tsar #denmark #norwary #bulgaria #portugal #prussia #greece #hellenes #spain #unitedkingdom #denmark #history #ww1 #worldwar #war #tairhduragi

Daha Fazla

Marina Ginesta 1936

Marina Ginesta 1936 yılında 17 yaşındayken  Barselona'daki Hotel Colon'un çatısında çekilen fotoğrafıyla, İspanya İç Savaşı'nın sembollerinden olan bir milis oldu.

Fotoğraf Juan Guzmán tarafından tarafından çekildi.

Sırtında taşıdığı silah, Oviedo fabrikası tarafından İspanya ordusu için üretilen M1916 Spanish Mauser.

Marina bu fotoğrafın var olduğunu 2006 yılında  Carlos Fonseca 'nın “Thirteen Red Roses” isimli kitabının kapağında kullanmasıyla öğrendi.

Marina Ginesta ve erkek kardeşi

1919 yılında Fransa Toulus'ta doğan Marina Ginesta, ömrünün son 30 yılını geçirdiği Paris'te 2014 yılınıda 94 yaşındayken öldü.

Daha Fazla

Marina Ginesta 1936

Marina Ginestà (January 29, 1919 - January 6, 2014) is a militia of the symbols of the Spanish Civil War, photographed by Juan Guzmán in 1936 at the top of the Hotel Colon in Barcelona in 1936.

 The gun she is carrying is M1916 Spanish Mauser, produced at Oviedo factory in Spain for Spanish Army.

Marina did not knew about the photo until 2006, although the iconic image was printed and circulated everywhere, serving as cover for the book “Thirteen Red Roses” by Carlos Fonseca

During the Republican administration in Barcelona (1934-1936) he actively worked in the Catalan United Socialist Party. Shortly after the internal war he started working as a journalist and interpreter, She was transformed into a symbol on the roof of a hotel in Barcelona, with a militia garment and a rifle on her shoulder.

Marina Ginesta and her brother

Ginestà was born in Toulouse on January 29, 1919, into a labor and left-wing family immigrated from Spain to France. Her family was a tailor. He moved to Barcelona with his family when he was 11 years old. Ginestà later joined the United Socialist Party of Catalonia. When the war broke out, Soviet newspaper Pravda's correspondent Mikhail Koltsov served as a correspondent and translator. Before the end of the war, Ginesta was wounded and evacuated to Montpellier. When France was occupied by the Nazis, she run away to the Dominican Republic and married there. In 1946, the dictator Rafael Trujillo had to leave the country because of the persecution he did. In 1952 she married a Belgian diplomat and returned to Barcelona. She moved to Paris in the early 1970s.

Marina Ginestà died in Paris in January 2014 at the age of 94.

Daha Fazla

20 February Today in History

What Happened 20 February Today in History 

• 1339 – The Milanese army and the St. George's (San Giorgio) Mercenaries of Lodrisio Visconti clashed in the Battle of Parabiago.
• 1472 – Orkney and Shetland are pawned by Norway to Scotland in lieu of a dowry for Margaret of Denmark.
• 1547 – Edward VI of England is crowned King of England at Westminster Abbey.
• 1685 – René-Robert Cavelier establishes Fort St. Louis at Matagorda Bay thus forming the basis for France's claim to Texas.
• 1792 – The Postal Service Act, establishing the United States Post Office Department, is signed by United States President George Washington.
• 1798 – Louis-Alexandre Berthier removes Pope Pius VI from power.
• 1810 – Andreas Hofer, Tirolean patriot and leader of rebellion against Napoleon's forces, is executed.
• 1813 – Manuel Belgrano defeats the royalist army of Pío de Tristán during the Battle of Salta.
• 1816 – Rossini's opera The Barber of Seville premieres at the Teatro Argentina in Rome.
• 1835 – The 1835 Concepción earthquake destroys Concepción, Chile.
• 1846 – Polish insurgents lead an uprising in Kraków to incite a fight for national independence.
• 1864 – American Civil War: Battle of Olustee: The largest battle fought in Florida during the war.
• 1865 – End of the Uruguayan War, with a peace agreement between President Tomás Villalba and rebel leader Venancio Flores, setting the scene for the destructive War of the Triple Alliance.
• 1872 – The Metropolitan Museum of Art opens in New York City.
• 1877 – Tchaikovsky's ballet Swan Lake receives its premiere at the Bolshoi Theatre in Moscow.
• 1901 – The legislature of Hawaii Territory convenes for the first time.
• 1909 – Publication of the Futurist Manifesto in the French journal Le Figaro.
• 1913 – King O'Malley drives in the first survey peg to mark commencement of work on the construction of Canberra.
• 1921 – The Young Communist League of Czechoslovakia is founded.
• 1931 – The Congress of the United States approves the construction of the San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge by the state of California.
• 1933 – The Congress of the United States proposes the Twenty-first Amendment to the United States Constitution that will end Prohibition in the United States.
• 1933 – Adolf Hitler secretly meets with German industrialists to arrange for financing of the Nazi Party's upcoming election campaign.
• 1935 – Caroline Mikkelsen becomes the first woman to set foot in Antarctica.
• 1942 – Lieutenant Edward O'Hare becomes America's first World War II flying ace.
• 1943 – American movie studio executives agree to allow the Office of War Information to censor movies.
• 1943 – The Saturday Evening Post publishes the first of Norman Rockwell's Four Freedoms in support of United States President Franklin Roosevelt's 1941 State of the Union address theme of Four Freedoms.
• 1944 – World War II: The "Big Week" began with American bomber raids on German aircraft manufacturing centers.
• 1944 – World War II: The United States takes Eniwetok Island.
• 1952 – Emmett Ashford becomes the first African-American umpire in organized baseball by being authorized to be a substitute umpire in the Southwestern International League.
• 1956 – The United States Merchant Marine Academy becomes a permanent Service Academy.
• 1959 – The Avro Arrow program to design and manufacture supersonic jet fighters in Canada is cancelled by the Diefenbaker government amid much political debate.
• 1962 – Mercury program: While aboard Friendship 7, John Glenn becomes the first American to orbit the earth, making three orbits in four hours, 55 minutes.
• 1965 – Ranger 8 crashes into the Moon after a successful mission of photographing possible landing sites for the Apollo program astronauts.
• 1967 – Intergovernmental Group on Indonesia convenes its first meeting in Amsterdam.
• 1971 – The United States Emergency Broadcast System is accidentally activated in an erroneous national alert.
• 1979 – Earthquake cracks Sinila volcanic crater in Dieng Plateau, releases poisonous H2S gas and kills 149 villagers in Indonesian province of Central Java.
• 1986 – The Soviet Union launches its Mir spacecraft. Remaining in orbit for 15 years, it is occupied for ten of those years.
• 1988 – The Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast votes to secede from Azerbaijan and join Armenia, triggering the Nagorno-Karabakh War.
• 1991 – A gigantic statue of Albania's long-time leader, Enver Hoxha, is brought down in the Albanian capital Tirana, by mobs of angry protesters.
• 1998 – American figure skater Tara Lipinski becomes the youngest gold-medalist at the 1998 Winter Olympics in Nagano, Japan.
• 2003 – During a Great White concert in West Warwick, Rhode Island, a pyrotechnics display sets the Station nightclub ablaze, killing 100 and injuring over 200 others.
• 2005 – Spain becomes the first country to vote in a referendum on ratification of the proposed Constitution of the European Union, passing it by a substantial margin, but on a low turnout.
• 2009 – Two Tamil Tigers aircraft packed with C4 explosives en route to the national airforce headquarters are shot down by the Sri Lankan military before reaching their target, in a kamikaze style attack.
• 2010 – In Madeira Island, Portugal, heavy rain causes floods and mudslides, resulting in at least 43 deaths, in the worst disaster in the history of the archipelago.
• 2014 – Dozens of Euromaidan anti-government protesters died in Ukraine's capital Kiev, many reportedly killed by snipers.
• 2015 – Two trains collide in the Swiss town of Rafz resulting in as many as 49 people injured and Swiss Federal Railways cancelling some services.
• 2016 – Six people are killed and two injured in multiple shooting incidents in Kalamazoo County, Michigan.

20 February Today in History Births

• 1358 – Eleanor of Aragon, queen of John I of Castile (d. 1382)
• 1469 – Thomas Cajetan, Italian philosopher (d. 1534)
• 1494 – Johan Friis, Danish statesman (d. 1570)
• 1631 – Thomas Osborne, 1st Duke of Leeds, English politician, Treasurer of the Navy (d. 1712)
• 1633 – Jan de Baen, Dutch painter (d. 1702)
• 1705 – Nicolas Chédeville, French musette player and composer (d. 1782)
• 1726 – William Prescott, American colonel (d. 1795)
• 1745 – Henry James Pye, English poet and politician (d. 1813)
• 1751 – Johann Heinrich Voss, German poet, translator, and academic (d. 1826)
• 1753 – Louis-Alexandre Berthier, French general and politician, French Minister of Defence (d. 1815)
• 1759 – Johann Christian Reil, German physician, physiologist, and anatomist (d. 1813)
• 1792 – Eliza Courtney, French daughter of Georgiana, Duchess of Devonshire (d. 1859)
• 1794 – William Carleton, Irish author (d. 1869)
• 1802 – Charles Auguste de Bériot, Belgian violinist and composer (d. 1870)
• 1819 – Alfred Escher, Swiss businessman and politician (d. 1882)
• 1839 – Benjamin Waugh, English activist, founded the NSPCC (d. 1908)
• 1844 – Ludwig Boltzmann, Austrian physicist and philosopher (d. 1906)
• 1844 – Joshua Slocum, Canadian sailor and adventurer (d. 1909)
• 1848 – E. H. Harriman, American businessman and philanthropist (d. 1909)
• 1857 – A. P. Lucas, English cricketer (d. 1923)
• 1866 – Carl Westman, Swedish architect, designed the Stockholm Court House and Röhsska Museum (d. 1936)
• 1867 – Louise, Princess Royal of England (d. 1931)
• 1870 – Jay Johnson Morrow, American engineer and politician, 3rd Governor of the Panama Canal Zone (d. 1937)
• 1874 – Mary Garden, Scottish-American soprano and actress (d. 1967)
• 1879 – Hod Stuart, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1907)
• 1880 – Jacques d'Adelswärd-Fersen, French author and poet (d. 1923)
• 1887 – Vincent Massey, Canadian lawyer and politician, 18th Governor General of Canada (d. 1967)
• 1888 – Georges Bernanos, French soldier and author (d. 1948)
• 1889 – Hulusi Behçet, Turkish dermatologist and physician (d. 1948)
• 1893 – Elizabeth Holloway Marston, American psychologist and author (d. 1993)
• 1895 – Louis Zborowski, English race car driver and engineer (d. 1924)
• 1899 – Cornelius Vanderbilt Whitney, American businessman and philanthropist (d. 1992)
• 1901 – René Dubos, French-American biologist and author (d. 1982)
• 1901 – Louis Kahn, American architect, designed the Salk Institute, the Kimbell Art Museum and the Bangladesh Parliament Building (d. 1974)
• 1901 – Muhammad Naguib, Egyptian general and politician, 1st President of Egypt (d. 1984)
• 1901 – Ramakrishna Ranga Rao of Bobbili, Indian lawyer and politician, 6th Chief Minister of Madras Presidency (d. 1978)
• 1902 – Ansel Adams, American photographer and environmentalist (d. 1984)
• 1904 – Alexei Kosygin, Russian soldier and politician, 8th Premier of the Soviet Union (d. 1980)
• 1906 – Gale Gordon, American actor (d. 1995)
• 1912 – Pierre Boulle, French soldier and author (d. 1994)
• 1913 – Tommy Henrich, American baseball player and sportscaster (d. 2009)
• 1914 – John Charles Daly, South African–American journalist and game show host (d. 1991)
• 1916 – Jean Erdman, American dancer and choreographer
• 1918 – Leonore Annenberg, American businesswoman and diplomat (d. 2009)
• 1919 – James O'Meara, English soldier and pilot (d. 1974)
• 1920 – Karl Albrecht, German businessman, co-founded Aldi (d. 2014)
• 1921 – Buddy Rogers, American wrestler (d. 1992)
• 1923 – Victor G. Atiyeh, American businessman and politician, 32nd Governor of Oregon (d. 2014)
• 1923 – Forbes Burnham, Guyanese lawyer and politician, 2nd President of Guyana (d. 1985)
• 1923 – Rena Vlahopoulou, Greek actress (d. 2004)
• 1924 – Gloria Vanderbilt, American actress and fashion designer
• 1925 – Robert Altman, American director and screenwriter (d. 2006)
• 1925 – Tochinishiki Kiyotaka, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 44th Yokozuna (d. 1990)
• 1926 – Matthew Bucksbaum, American businessman and philanthropist, co-founded General Growth Properties (d. 2013)
• 1926 – Gillian Lynne, English ballerina, choreographer, and director
• 1926 – Richard Matheson, American author and screenwriter (d. 2013)
• 1926 – María de la Purísima Salvat Romero, Spanish Roman Catholic nun; later canonized (d. 1998)
• 1927 – Roy Cohn, American lawyer and activist (d. 1986)
• 1927 – Sidney Poitier, American actor, director, and diplomat
• 1928 – Roy Face, American baseball player and carpenter
• 1928 – Jean Kennedy Smith, American diplomat, 25th United States Ambassador to Ireland
• 1929 – Amanda Blake, American actress (d. 1989)
• 1931 – John Milnor, American mathematician and academic
• 1932 – Adrian Cristobal, Filipino journalist and author (d. 2007)
• 1934 – Bobby Unser, American race car driver
• 1935 – Ellen Gilchrist American novelist, short story writer, and poet
• 1936 – Marj Dusay, American actress
• 1936 – Larry Hovis, American actor and singer (d. 2003)
• 1936 – Shigeo Nagashima, Japanese baseball player and coach
• 1937 – David Ackles, American singer-songwriter and actor (d. 1999)
• 1937 – Robert Huber, German biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
• 1937 – Roger Penske, American race car driver and businessman
• 1937 – Nancy Wilson, American singer and actress
• 1938 – Richard Beymer, American actor, director, and cinematographer
• 1938 – Wiley W. Hilburn, American journalist and academic (d. 2014)
• 1941 – Lim Kit Siang, Malaysian lawyer and politician
• 1941 – Buffy Sainte-Marie, Canadian-American singer-songwriter and producer
• 1942 – Phil Esposito, Canadian ice hockey player, coach, and manager
• 1942 – Mitch McConnell, American soldier, lawyer, and politician
• 1942 – Claude Miller, French director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2012)
• 1943 – Antonio Inoki, Japanese wrestler, mixed martial artist, and politician
• 1943 – Mike Leigh, English director and screenwriter
• 1944 – Robert de Cotret, Canadian economist and politician, 56th Secretary of State for Canada (d. 1999)
• 1944 – Lew Soloff, American trumpet player, composer, and actor (d. 2015)
• 1944 – Willem van Hanegem, Dutch footballer and coach
• 1945 – Alan Hull, English singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1995)
• 1946 – Brenda Blethyn, English actress
• 1946 – Sandy Duncan, American actress, singer, and dancer
• 1946 – J. Geils, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1947 – Peter Osgood, English footballer (d. 2006)
• 1947 – Peter Strauss, American actor and producer
• 1948 – Pierre Bouchard, Canadian ice hockey player and sportscaster
• 1948 – Jennifer O'Neill, Brazilian-American model and actress
• 1948 – Billy Zoom, American guitarist
• 1949 – Eddie Hemmings, English cricketer
• 1949 – Mab Segrest, American author and activist
• 1949 – Ivana Trump, Czech-American socialite and model
• 1950 – Walter Becker, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
• 1950 – Peter Marinello, Scottish footballer
• 1950 – Tony Wilson, English journalist and businessman (d. 2007)
• 1951 – Edward Albert, American actor (d. 2006)
• 1951 – Gordon Brown, Scottish historian and politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
• 1951 – Randy California, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1997)
• 1951 – Phil Neal, English footballer and manager
• 1953 – Poison Ivy, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
• 1954 – Jon Brant, American bass player
• 1954 – Anthony Head, English actor
• 1954 – Patty Hearst, American actress and author
• 1957 – Glen Hanlon, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
• 1959 – Scott Brayton, American race car driver (d. 1996)
• 1959 – David Corn, American journalist and author
• 1959 – Bill Gullickson, American baseball player
• 1960 – Joel Hodgson, American comedian, actor, and screenwriter
• 1960 – Kee Marcello, Swedish guitarist
• 1960 – Cándido Muatetema Rivas, Equatoguinean politician and diplomat, Prime Minister of Equatorial Guinea (d. 2014)
• 1961 – Steve Lundquist, American swimmer
• 1962 – Dwayne McDuffie, American author, screenwriter, and producer, co-founded Milestone Media (d. 2011)
• 1963 – Charles Barkley, American basketball player and sportscaster
• 1963 – Ian Brown, English singer-songwriter and musician
• 1963 – Joakim Nystrom, Swedish tennis player
• 1963 – Mariliza Xenogiannakopoulou, Greek lawyer and politician, Greek Minister of Health
• 1964 – Willie Garson, American actor and director
• 1964 – Tom Harris, Scottish journalist and politician
• 1964 – Jeff Maggert, American golfer
• 1964 – French Stewart, American actor
• 1966 – Cindy Crawford, American model and businesswoman
• 1967 – Paul Accola, Swiss alpine skier
• 1967 – Kurt Cobain, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1994)
• 1967 – David Herman, American comedian and actor
• 1967 – Andrew Shue, American actor and activist, founded Do Something
• 1967 – Lili Taylor, American actress
• 1967 – Tom Waddle, American football player and sportscaster
• 1969 – Kjell Ove Hauge, Norwegian school principal and track and field athlete
• 1969 – Siniša Mihajlović, Serbian footballer and manager
• 1969 – Danis Tanović, Bosnian director and screenwriter
• 1971 – Calpernia Addams, American actress, author, and activist
• 1971 – Jari Litmanen, Finnish footballer
• 1971 – Joost van der Westhuizen, South African rugby player (d. 2017)
• 1972 – Neil Primrose, Scottish drummer
• 1974 – Karim Bagheri, Iranian footballer and manager
• 1975 – Liván Hernández, Cuban baseball player
• 1975 – Brian Littrell, American singer-songwriter and actor
• 1975 – Niclas Wallin, Swedish ice hockey player
• 1977 – Stephon Marbury, American basketball player
• 1978 – Lauren Ambrose, American actress and producer
• 1980 – Imanol Harinordoquy, French rugby player
• 1980 – Luis Gabriel Rey, Colombian footballer
• 1981 – Tony Hibbert, English footballer
• 1981 – Fred Jackson, American football player
• 1982 – Jason Hirsh, American baseball player
• 1983 – Jose Morales, Puerto Rican-American baseball player
• 1983 – Justin Verlander, American baseball player
• 1984 – Brian McCann, American baseball player
• 1984 – Trevor Noah, South African comedian, actor, and television host
• 1984 – Ramzee Robinson, American football player
• 1985 – Ryan Sweeney, American baseball player
• 1985 – Julia Volkova, Russian singer and actress
• 1987 – Luke Burgess, English rugby league player
• 1987 – Miles Teller, American actor
• 1988 – Jiah Khan, American-Indian actress and singer (d. 2013)
• 1988 – Ki Bo-bae, South Korean archer
• 1988 – Rihanna, Barbadian-American singer-songwriter and actress
• 1989 – Daly Cherry-Evans, Australian rugby league player
• 1991 – Hidilyn Diaz, Filipino weightlifter
• 1991 – Giovanni Kyeremateng, Italian footballer
• 1991 – Angelique van der Meet, Dutch tennis player
• 1991 – Antonio Pedroza, English-Mexican footballer
• 1991 – Jocelyn Rae, English-Scottish tennis player
• 1992 – Kyle Turner, Australian rugby league player

20 February Today in History Deaths

• 789 – Leo of Catania, saint and bishop of Catania (b. 709)
• 1054 – Yaroslav the Wise, husband of Ingegerd Olofsdotter of Sweden (b. 978)
• 1154 – Saint Wulfric of Haselbury (b. c. 1080)
• 1171 – Conan IV, Duke of Brittany (b. 1138)
• 1194 – Tancred, King of Sicily (b. 1138)
• 1258 – Al-Musta'sim, Iraqi caliph (b. 1213)
• 1408 – Henry Percy, 1st Earl of Northumberland, English politician, Earl Marshal of the United Kingdom (b. 1342)
• 1431 – Pope Martin V (b. 1368)
• 1524 – Tecun Uman, Mayan ruler (b. 1500)
• 1579 – Nicholas Bacon, English politician (b. 1509)
• 1618 – Philip William, Prince of Orange (b. 1554)
• 1626 – John Dowland, English lute player and composer (b. 1563)
• 1762 – Tobias Mayer, German astronomer and academic (b. 1723)
• 1771 – Jean-Jacques d'Ortous de Mairan, French geophysicist and astronomer (b. 1678)
• 1773 – Charles Emmanuel III of Sardinia (b. 1701)
• 1778 – Laura Bassi, Italian physicist and scholar (b. 1711)
• 1790 – Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 1741)
• 1806 – Lachlan McIntosh, Scottish-American general and politician (b. 1725)
• 1810 – Andreas Hofer, Tyrolean rebel leader (b. 1767)
• 1862 – William Wallace Lincoln, American son of Abraham Lincoln (b. 1850)
• 1871 – Paul Kane, Irish-Canadian painter (b. 1810)
• 1893 – P. G. T. Beauregard, American general (b. 1818)
• 1895 – Frederick Douglass, American author and activist (b. 1818)
• 1900 – Washakie, American tribal leader (b. 1798)
• 1907 – Henri Moissan, French chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1852)
• 1910 – Boutros Ghali, Egyptian educator and politician, 9th Prime Minister of Egypt (b. 1846)
• 1916 – Klas Pontus Arnoldson, Swedish journalist and politician, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1844)
• 1920 – Jacinta Marto, Portuguese saint (b. 1910)
• 1920 – Robert Peary, American admiral and explorer (b. 1856)
• 1936 – Max Schreck, German actor (b. 1879)
• 1957 – Sadri Maksudi Arsal, Turkish scholar and politician (b. 1878)
• 1961 – Percy Grainger, Australian-American pianist and composer (b. 1882)
• 1963 – Jacob Gade, Danish violinist and composer(b. 1879)
• 1966 – Chester W. Nimitz, American admiral (b. 1885)
• 1968 – Anthony Asquith, English director and screenwriter (b. 1902)
• 1969 – Ernest Ansermet, Swiss conductor (b. 1883)
• 1972 – Maria Goeppert-Mayer, German-American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1906)
• 1972 – Walter Winchell, American journalist and actor (b. 1897)
• 1976 – René Cassin, French lawyer and judge, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1887)
• 1981 – Nicolas de Gunzburg, French-American banker and publisher (b. 1904)
• 1987 – Wayne Boring, American illustrator (b. 1905)
• 1992 – A. J. Casson, Canadian painter (b. 1898)
• 1992 – Dick York, American actor (b. 1928)
• 1993 – Ferruccio Lamborghini, Italian businessman, founded Lamborghini (b. 1916)
• 1993 – Ernest L. Massad, American general (b. 1908)
• 1996 – Solomon Asch, American psychologist and academic (b. 1907)
• 1996 – Toru Takemitsu, Japanese pianist, guitarist, and composer (b. 1930)
• 1999 – Sarah Kane, English playwright (b. 1971)
• 1999 – Gene Siskel, American journalist and critic (b. 1946)
• 2000 – Anatoly Sobchak, Russian lawyer and politician, 1st Governor of Saint Petersburg (b. 1937)
• 2001 – Rosemary DeCamp, American actress (b. 1910)
• 2001 – Donella Meadows, American environmentalist, author, and academic (b. 1941)
• 2003 – Mushaf Ali Mir, Pakistani air marshal (b. 1947)
• 2003 – Maurice Blanchot, French philosopher and author (b. 1907)
• 2003 – Orville Freeman, American soldier, lawyer, and politician, 29th Governor of Minnesota (b. 1918)
• 2005 – Sandra Dee, American actress (b. 1942)
• 2005 – John Raitt, American actor and singer (b. 1917)
• 2005 – Hunter S. Thompson, American journalist and author (b. 1937)
• 2006 – Curt Gowdy, American sportscaster (b. 1919)
• 2006 – Lucjan Wolanowski, Polish journalist and author (b. 1920)
• 2008 – Emily Perry, English actress and dancer (b. 1907)
• 2009 – Larry H. Miller, American businessman and philanthropist (b. 1944)
• 2010 – Alexander Haig, American general and politician, 59th United States Secretary of State (b. 1924)
• 2012 – Knut Torbjørn Eggen, Norwegian footballer and manager (b. 1960)
• 2012 – Katie Hall, American educator and politician (b. 1938)
• 2013 – Kenji Eno, Japanese game designer and composer (b. 1970)
• 2013 – David S. McKay, American biochemist and geologist (b. 1936)
• 2013 – Antonio Roma, Argentinian footballer (b. 1932)
• 2014 – Rafael Addiego Bruno, Uruguayan jurist and politician, President of Uruguay (b. 1923)
• 2014 – Walter D. Ehlers, American lieutenant, Medal of Honor recipient (b. 1921)
• 2014 – Garrick Utley, American journalist (b. 1939)
• 2015 – Govind Pansare, Indian author and activist (b. 1933)
• 2015 – Henry Segerstrom, American businessman and philanthropist (b. 1923)
• 2015 – John C. Willke, American physician, author, and activist (b. 1925)
• 2016 – Fernando Cardenal, Nicaraguan priest and politician (b. 1934)

20 February Today in History Holidays and observances

• Christian feast day:
• Eleutherius of Tournai
• Eucherius of Orléans
• Bls. Francisco Marto and Jacinta Marto
• Frederick Douglass (Episcopal Church (USA))
• Wulfric of Haselbury
• February 20 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
• Day of Heavenly Hundred Heroes (Ukraine)
• World Day of Social Justice (International)

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Latest War Map of Europe 1870

The title of this map is : "Latest war map of Europe : as seen through French eyes"

The picture created by Paul Hadol in 1870.

Britannia, full of Rage almost forgets Ireland.

Spain, smoking, leans on poor Portugal.

France fighting the invader, Prussia, which stretches one hand towards Holland the other towards Austria.

Italy says to Bismark, "Take off your foot."

Corsica and Sardinia, a little joker, laughs over everything.

Denmark lost his legs in Holstein, hoping to retake them again.

European Turkey yawns and awakens.

Asiatic Turkey sucks her hookah.

Sweden bounds a la panther;

and Russia resembles a rag-picker, waiting his chance to fill his basket.

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A bull fight, Barcelona, Spain 1890

You are looking at the picture of A bull fight, Barcelona, Spain 1890s

Views of the A bull fight in the Photochrom print collection

This photochrome print was made in 1890s.

Source of the picture is LOC.

History of the Bullfightings

Bullfighting traces its roots to prehistoric bull worship and sacrifice in Mesopotamia and the Mediterranean region. The first recorded bullfight may be the Epic of Gilgamesh, which describes a scene in which Gilgamesh and Enkidu fought and killed the Bull of Heaven ("The Bull seemed indestructible, for hours they fought, till Gilgamesh dancing in front of the Bull, lured it with his tunic and bright weapons, and Enkidu thrust his sword, deep into the Bull's neck, and killed it").Bull leaping was portrayed in Crete, and myths related to bulls throughout Greece. The killing of the sacred bull (tauroctony) is the essential central iconic act of Mithras, which was commemorated in the mithraeum wherever Roman soldiers were stationed. The oldest representation of what seems to be a man facing a bull is on the Celtiberian tombstone from Clunia and the cave painting El toro de hachos, both found in Spain.
Bullfighting is often linked to Rome, where many human-versus-animal events were held as competition and entertainment, the Venationes. These hunting games spread to Africa, Europe and Asia during Roman times. There are also theories that it was introduced into Hispania by the Emperor Claudius, as a substitute for gladiators, when he instituted a short-lived ban on gladiatorial combat. The latter theory was supported by Robert Graves (picadors are related to warriors who wielded the javelin, but their role in the contest is now a minor one limited to "preparing" the bull for the matador.) Spanish colonists took the practice of breeding cattle and bullfighting to the American colonies, the Pacific and Asia. In the 19th century, areas of southern and southwestern France adopted bullfighting, developing their own distinctive form.

Religious festivities and royal weddings were celebrated by fights in the local plaza, where noblemen would ride competing for royal favor, and the populace enjoyed the excitement. In the Middle Ages across Europe, knights would joust in competitions on horseback. In Spain, they began to fight bulls.
In medieval Spain bullfighting was considered a noble sport and reserved to the rich, who could afford to supply and train their animals. The bull was released into a closed arena where a single fighter on horseback was armed with a lance. This spectacle was said to be enjoyed by Charlemagne, Alfonso X the Wise and the Almohad caliphs, among others. The greatest Spanish performer of this art is said to have been El Cid knight. According chronicle of the time, in 1128 "... when Alfonso VII of León and Castile married Berengaria of Barcelona daughter of Ramon Berenguer III, Count of Barcelona at Saldaña among other celebrations, there were also bullfights."
Francisco Romero, from Ronda, Spain, is generally regarded as having been the first to introduce the practice of fighting bulls on foot around 1726, using the muleta in the last stage of the fight and an estoque to kill the bull. This type of fighting drew more attention from the crowds. Thus the modern corrida, or fight, began to take form, as riding noblemen were replaced by commoners on foot. This new style prompted the construction of dedicated bullrings, initially square, like the Plaza de Armas, and later round, to discourage the cornering of the action.
The modern style of Spanish bullfighting is credited to Juan Belmonte, generally considered the greatest matador of all time. Belmonte introduced a daring and revolutionary style, in which he stayed within a few centimetres of the bull throughout the fight. Although extremely dangerous (Belmonte was gored on many occasions), his style is still seen by most matadors as the ideal to be emulated. ( source wikipedia )

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