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| Final Moments of Japanese Dive Bomer |
Dive bomber is a bomber aircraft that attacks by attacking the target in order to increase the hit rate and better protection from the anti-aircraft fire.
Diving into the target takes place almost vertically and the bombs are left in this direction and at high speed. This allows the pike bomber to drop the bombs exactly to the target and provide a relatively good hit rate on small and / or moving targets. Norden does not need complicated equipment such as a bomber viewfinder. Pike bombers were used for high-value targets such as ships and bridges. At the same time, bombardment in the form of a plunge has the advantage of bombarding targets on the sides, such as ships, where the armor is stronger, from the top to the weak.
The first pike bombing records are the way in which RAF pilots produced a special solution during World War I. In 1917 and 1918, the Orford Ness Bombardier worked on the technique, but at the time, the planes were so weak that they could not withstand the thrust of the ascension following the bombing. Just a few years later, the United States Navy, Haiti and Nicaragua put a new system into practice.
As the planes developed in terms of durability and loading capacity, the technique became more suitable. In the early 1930s, this technique was incorporated into the tactical doctrine, especially against the bombardment of small targets that bombers were hard to shoot. The United States Navy had ordered the Curtiss F8C Hell-Diver double-wing aircraft, the first private pike bomber, while the United States Army concentrated on mass bombers with massive bombers. (Single-wing Douglas SBD or later SB2C should not be confused with the Helldiver).
In the early 1930s, Ernst Udet visited the US and succeeded in ordering four F8Cs and sent them to Germany. There is a small evolution. The Pike bomber would effectively provide a smaller Luftwaffe as a tactical role, and they were all interested. Followed immediately by the gull-wing Junkers Ju 87 Stuka (Sturzkampfflugzeug, short for the Pike bomber) and their own pike bomber aircraft designs.
For that day, Stuka was the most advantageous pike bomber in the world. Using Stukay was the solution to the problem of air ballistics (to attack defensive positions in digged trenches), which is the main problem of the Blitzkrieg concept. Normally, heavy-moving artillery troops would be used, slowing and holding fast-moving armored troops.
This proved to be a success in the invasion of the Polonia and the Benelux countries. With a small sample; The powerful BEF (British Mobilization Forces) campaign against the German armor, which is rapidly advancing in the western vicinity of the Oire River, was destroyed very quickly by the Stuka attacks and long before the artillery troops reached the region, the war engineers succeeded in building a bridge.
With the failure of the efforts to replace it with newer and more expensive planes, the Stukas are old. At the beginning of the British War, it was hopelessly unusable and left to the hands of the RAF.
In Japan, the US Navy has been working hard on the pike bomber for the same reasons (to hit the ships). One of the best designs of the war started with the Aichi D3A, but this aircraft is also very old. Then a better design was Yokosuka D4Y Suisei, but it was a time when these industries could never produce from these planes. On the American front, Douglas made the SBD Dauntless aircraft look like the D3A in performance, but later replaced it with the faster and more complex Curtiss SB2C Helldiver. Both were produced in large quantities.
One of the most famous Pike bomber attacks was the lethal damage that the American Danutless in the Midway War, June 1942, gave to the Japanese in a six-minute timeframe of a three-faced forward aircraft.
Strangely, the British are the only major forces that have not decided for the Pike bombers. Although the Royal Navy was intended several times to present its reasons, it has never been able to provide a clear and definitive reason, including political leashes that it has entered with the RAF. Only hybrid pike bombs and fighter planes Blackburn Skua were produced, but only for a very short period of time and a very small amount.
After the war, the Pike bombers quickly disappeared because of the rapid development of anti-aircraft guns and the great advantage that the fast fighter planes have against the slow pike bombers. At the same time, the increase in stay without checking the various bomber visors has allowed smaller dives and they become mountable to all aircraft (see Attack aircraft). Despite this, the planes still "drown" on their targets, and the same plane could take on many different tasks, and the pike bomber was no longer needed.
Today "intelligent bombs" have taken the place of all bombardment techniques in the United States and many European countries. The bomb is dropped from the target at a distance and at high altitude, and the risk of shooting the plane is minimized. The bomb then manages itself towards the target. These systems include many different systems, such as laser pointing, body GPSers, radar, infrared, television guidance, and atelette wind corrections. Bomber viewfinders are still used in "reverse breech bombardments" when they rise rapidly to higher altitudes after leaving an aircraft bomb. On the surface, there is still a pike bombardment at 45 degrees or less when using unguided steel or cluster bombs.
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